“ The quality of our thinking cannot be higher than the quality of the information on which it is based.”
The Canadian VIGOUR Centre (CVC) was established in 1997 as an academic research organization (ARO) at the University of Alberta, and has since been committed to the enhancement of cardiovascular health. The CVC is recognized for its pioneering research in cardiovascular medicine, which embraces the translation of research through thought leadership and management of innovative clinical trials. Furthermore, the CVC is focused on the generation of new knowledge from patient registries and population outcome studies, which inform the direction of future pathways.
As an ARO, the CVC is committed to the scholarly value of scientific inquiry and truth, and believes knowledge should be shared openly in an ethical research environment. The CVC’s dedication to lifelong learning has also inspired one of our central tenets – engaging the next generation of health professionals in a research culture that embraces curiosity, welcomes new ideas, and seeks to address key unanswered questions in health care. Learn more about the CVC’s vision, mission, and core values here.
The CVC is anchored by a dedicated group of internationally recognized thought leaders in cardiovascular medicine and clinical investigation, and is supported by accomplished administrative and clinical operations teams, as well as experienced biostatisticians, data and machine analysts, and core laboratories personnel. Research is a team sport, and our diverse and multidimensional group is committed to continuous innovation that has an impact on informing health policy.

January 2025
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic medical condition affecting approximately 300,000 Canadians. Due to the absence of a T1DM Care Pathway in Alberta, both patients and caregivers lack access to reliable information about treatments and complication management options. The AURORA study will establish an advisory group of adult T1DM patients and caregivers of pediatric T1DM patients to develop a knowledge mobilization hub for the Alberta Care Pathway. This project is being led by a team of researchers from the University of Alberta, including co-principal investigator Dr. Padma Kaul.

March 2025
A collaborative summit was held in Canmore, Alberta, bringing together leadership members from the CVC and the Toronto-based Peter Munk Cardiac Centre (PMCC). The meeting established a roadmap for joint cardiovascular research initiatives, with an emphasis on artificial intelligence, clinical trials, and data analysis. Following the summit, the groups have continued to meet virtually on a monthly basis in order to undertake a mutual inventory of core competencies as Canadian academic research organizations, and to develop joint leadership roles in some planned cardiovascular studies.

April 2025
Julia Benjamins, Marieke Haas, and Ryan Vos from the University of Groningen joined the CVC for eight weeks as part of their medical school program. Their research examined the impact of low iron storage versus defective iron utilization on chronic heart failure outcomes in Alberta. This project was supervised by Dr. Justin Ezekowitz and Senior Biostatistician Dr. Wendimagegn Alemayehu, alongside Dr. Peter van der Meer of the University of Groningen.

May 2025
The One Child Every Child research initiative, led by the University of Calgary, is dedicated to ensuring all children are healthy, empowered, and thriving by focusing on three key themes: Better Beginnings, Precision Health and Wellness, and Vulnerable to Thriving. Dr. Padma Kaul's program, under the Better Beginnings theme, aims to understand how a combination of clinical, genetic, socio-economic, and behavioral factors affect neonatal and early childhood outcomes when pregnancy complications or conditions are present. By developing robust research and data infrastructure, the program intends to position Alberta as a leader in population-level perinatal and early childhood health research.

May 2025
Dr. Justin Ezekowitz and Dr. Heather Ross (University of Toronto) hosted the HEART Platform and SODIUM-HF-2 planning meeting in Toronto, Ontario. The HEART platform will use a master protocol with domain-specific appendices to evaluate the efficacy or feasibility of multiple interventions in patients with heart failure. As a unique platform, its launch signifies a different approach to clinical trials that can offer an enduring ability to test new strategies or therapies efficiently by building a robust infrastructure. This project receives generous philanthropic support via the University Hospital Foundation.

June 2025
Dr. Justin Ezekowitz received the King Charles III Coronation Medal, an honour recognizing significant contributions to Canada. He was nominated by the Heart and Stroke Foundation for his dedicated work in advancing heart and brain health outcomes across the country.

July 2025
Dr. Pishoy Gouda is an academic interventional cardiologist and assistant professor at the University of Alberta. He recently completed a clinical trials research fellowship at the Duke Clinical Research Institute, after developing strong collaborative ties with the CVC during his undergraduate, medical residency, and cardiology training at the University of Alberta. His research interests include optimization of care following myocardial infarctions, novel therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes in acute coronary syndromes, and the use of digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and biomarkers to deliver cardiovascular care.

August 2025
The CVC aims to engage the next generation of health professionals in a research culture that champions curiosity and innovation. The following are reflections from some of our recent spring/summer trainees on their research experience.

August 2025
"Working with Dr. Padma Kaul was very inspiring. I was amazed by her ability to balance multiple research projects while still offering thoughtful, specific feedback, and I hope to apply those same leadership skills in my own career one day. Dr. Douglas Dover also helped enrich my understanding of how public health research works in practice, especially the role of statistics in creating meaningful findings. As a medical student, I really valued having this dedicated time to see how public health research directly impacts disease prevention and patient care."

August 2025
"My experience at the CVC has been nothing short of fun and rewarding. Working on the AURORA study under Dr. Padma Kaul’s leadership allowed me, as someone living with type 1 diabetes, to see firsthand how patient voices can shape research and improve care. I was given the room to grow into my role and take leadership in ethics creation, protocol making, outreach and enrollment with the guidance of the best team in Canada. This experience has strengthened my passion for diabetes research and will guide my academic journey as I continue to pursue my PharmD with a focus on patient-centred therapeutics and clinical outcomes."

August 2025
"At the CVC, I had the privilege of joining an international team enriched by expertise from a wide range of fields. The combination of these diverse perspectives truly highlighted the added value of global collaboration. Working in such an innovative environment expanded my outlook toward the future of research, especially the vast potential of artificial intelligence (AI). Reflecting on how AI can transform everyday clinical practice for physicians, and understanding its underlying mechanisms to wisely turn our collective expectations into reality, is the first step toward meeting the major global challenges of our time through the unprecedented potential of this tool.”

August 2025
Results from the VICTOR trial, a large, international, double-blind study of over 6,000 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and no recent worsening of their condition, were presented at the 2025 ESC Congress and published in The Lancet. Researchers, including the CVC’s Dr. Justin Ezekowitz, found that while vericiguat did not meet the primary composite endpoint, secondary findings revealed a reduction in cardiovascular deaths, suggesting a potential mortality benefit.
Additionally, a pooled analysis (also published in The Lancet) of over 11,000 participants from the VICTOR and VICTORIA trials found that vericiguat reduced the risk of hospitalization and cardiovascular death across a broad range of patients with HFrEF, including those on current guideline-directed therapy. These combined results suggest vericiguat could be an effective option for select patient groups across the entire HFrEF spectrum.

September 2025
The CVC hosted the 12th annual Clinical Trials Colloquium in Calgary, Alberta. Members of our team, alongside site and sponsor representatives from across Canada, convened to discuss the event's central theme: Optimizing Clinical Research Strategies in Canada. The keynote was delivered by Dr. Robert Mentz (Duke Clinical Research Institute), who presented on: “Navigating the Complexities of the Current Clinical Trial Landscape: Local, National, and International Impact.”

September 2025
In 2025, the ongoing international collaboration between the University of Alberta and the University of Sheffield was focused on supporting projects on artificial intelligence (AI) applied to healthcare. Two of the four seed-grants supported through this collaboration were awarded to CVC faculty. Dr. Chen Chen, a Lecturer/Assistant Professor in Computer Vision, at the School of Computer Science, University of Sheffield and an ELLIS Scholar, visited the CVC to start a new project that will employ AI and multimodal learning for early disease detection using Alberta’s comprehensive population-health data.

October 2025
CVC Founding Director Dr. Paul Armstrong was recognized with the Most Published Author Award by JACC: Heart Failure (JACC: HF). Dr. Armstrong has authored 19 articles published in JACC: HF since its inception in 2013, forming a critical part of the CVC faculty's collective total of 48 heart failure research papers in the journal.

November 2025
Dr. Padma Kaul has been named the Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Women and Children's Cardio-Metabolic Health as part of the Government of Canada’s fall recipients for the Canada Research Chairs Program. In this role, Dr. Kaul and her research team are actively engaged in three core projects:

November 2025
The CVC hosted members of SingHealth, Singapore's largest public healthcare group, to formalize a new partnership: The Global Alliance for Population Health Research. Bringing together an extensive network of leading public health organizations worldwide, this SingHealth-led initiative aims to transform population health research and drive global impact via joint training programs, clinical studies, technology innovations, and health policy initiatives.
This pooled analysis demonstrates that vericiguat reduces cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalizations in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Clinical benefits were confirmed in various patient profiles across the HFrEF spectrum, including both stable and recently worsened cases. These findings position vericiguat as a versatile addition to standard guideline-directed therapies for this diverse population.
This analysis of VICTORIA trial data investigated how baseline implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) use impacted mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and a recent worsening event. While ICDs were associated with reduced sudden cardiac death (SCD), the study found no significant effect on overall cardiovascular or all-cause mortality. Benefits remained consistent regardless of heart failure cause, though atrial fibrillation appeared to negate the SCD benefit, highlighting the need for personalized implantation criteria.
An analysis of OCEANIC-AF trial data reveals that prior oral anticoagulant (OAC) history influences how patients with atrial fibrillation respond to asundexian, a novel OAC therapy, compared to the standard-of-care apixaban. While asundexian showed lower bleeding risks regardless of prior treatment, the increased stroke risk seen with asundexian vs. apixaban was less pronounced in OAC-naive patients compared to those with prior OAC experience. These findings identify OAC-naive individuals as a critical subgroup to include in future clinical trials.
The CELEBRATE trial evaluated zalunfiban, a rapid-acting subcutaneous antiplatelet injection, for patients experiencing a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Administered at the first point of medical contact, zalunfiban improved blood flow prior to primary percutaneous coronary intervention without increasing life-threatening bleeding. By accelerating vessel reopening and reducing adverse outcomes, the drug provides a potentially safe and effective treatment alongside state-of-the-art reperfusion therapy.
The STRIVE trial investigated whether a low-dose of the clot-busting drug alteplase reduces microvascular obstruction in high-risk patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Results showed no clinical advantage over placebo, with similar rates of major cardiac events. Furthermore, a trend toward increased ventricular fibrillation in the alteplase group suggests potential harm, indicating this therapy should be avoided as a routine intervention in this setting.
Image courtesy of the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute
The ACHIEVE trial evaluated whether spironolactone could reduce cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis for kidney failure. Despite previous data suggesting potential benefits, the trial was terminated early due to lack of efficacy over placebo. With no measurable differences in mortality or hospitalization rates, these findings suggest clinicians must explore alternatives to traditional steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for this high-risk population.
A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trial data (including from the MINT study) compared restrictive versus liberal blood transfusion strategies for those with anemia and acute myocardial infarction (heart attack). While differences in the primary outcome of 30-day myocardial infarction or death weren't statistically significant, a restrictive approach was associated with higher cardiac mortality and poorer 6-month survival. These findings suggest that heart attack patients with anemia likely benefit from a more proactive, liberal transfusion approach.
This population-based cohort study highlights a critical paradox: while hyperkalemia often prompts clinicians to reduce or stop renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, these modifications significantly increase mortality and cardiovascular risks. Findings demonstrate that dose reduction does not lower recurrent hyperkalemia risk. Consequently, strategies enabling therapy maintenance—such as potassium binders—may improve patient outcomes, even following high-potassium episodes.
This analysis of data from the Alberta Pregnancy Birth Cohort shows that maternal asthma increases the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and cesarean delivery. Risks were highest for individuals with active asthma or profiles marked by high eosinophil and neutrophil counts. These findings underscore the importance of early, precise phenotyping to enable personalized management that improves outcomes for both mother and newborn.
This analysis of real-world evidence from the XATOA registry validated dual pathway inhibition (DPI) therapy—combining aspirin and rivaroxaban—in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. While patients with concurrent heart failure faced higher risks of major cardiovascular events, the rate of major bleeding remained low and consistent. These findings confirm that DPI therapy maintains an acceptable safety profile even in high-risk, vulnerable populations.
A retrospective analysis of Ontario hospital data found that myocardial involvement is equally prevalent in patients hospitalized with influenza or COVID-19. While clinical diagnoses remained low, elevated biomarkers revealed that probable heart failure was nearly 20 times more common than recognized clinical diagnoses in both groups. These findings suggest myocardial involvement in the setting of viral respiratory infection is under-recognized, highlighting a need for routine biomarker testing to enable earlier detection and management.
This personal view examines the evolving landscape of disease modification in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Although current treatments improve outcomes, they still do not achieve remission. The authors propose using reverse remodeling in phase 2 trials as a marker for more durable hemodynamic and clinical improvements. Additionally, they call for future research into novel biomarkers and refined trial designs, while underscoring that achieving remission remains critical for patient outcomes.
This review addresses the rising burden of heart failure following myocardial infarction (heart attack). While standard-of-care therapies such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are effective, novel treatments have yet to demonstrate additional benefits. To mitigate this global challenge, researchers propose an integrated framework combining clinical revascularization, treatment adherence, and patient education with standardized, equitable healthcare delivery.
This review addresses the complexities of mixed cardiogenic shock, a high-mortality condition characterized by overlapping shock states. Researchers propose a novel classification framework and simplified hemodynamic parameters to distinguish between primary and secondary shock. This standardized approach aims to facilitate more precise patient categorization, enabling greater personalized management and optimized therapy for this complex population.